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16 de October, 2023

Pregnancy Loss: What Causes a Miscarriage?

Pregnancy loss or recurrent pregnancy loss as it is known medically, represents today one of the greatest challenges in reproductive medicine, to the extent that there is still no agreement that defines this condition as a condition, but it is an obvious headache in the reproductive health of many couples.

The American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) defines recurrent pregnancy loss as two or more consecutive or non-consecutive miscarriages, regardless of the cause.

Likewise, the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) also defines it as two or more repeated losses without defining the specific cause.

So what causes pregnancy loss?

There are various reasons why a pregnancy cannot reach the end of the gestation period, and these result from:

  1. Genetic causes: The advanced age of a couple increases the chances of genetic alterations in the egg or sperm and therefore increases the chances of a spontaneous abortion.
  2. Immunological alterations: they can be due to diseases such as lupus or arthritis, anatomical problems in the womb, or even infectious causes that can alter the implantation of the embryo.

Other conditions and lifestyle

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diagnoses such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome are often related to infertility. It is estimated that around 44% of women who achieve pregnancy with this condition may have an abortion in the first trimester.

Likewise, poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus increases the risk of miscarriages or malformations in the fetus while it is developing, and even increases the chances of the baby dying in the womb, which is why specialists widely recommend that a woman with Diabetes Mellitus have careful monitoring of your pregnancy with a specialist in Maternal-Fetal Medicine.

It is not a new issue for health experts that exposure to toxic substances and an unhealthy lifestyle is a risk factor for the development of various conditions that affect the body.

In the case of fertility, exposure to substances such as alcohol, drugs, or tobacco decreases the maturation of eggs and sperm, thus making it difficult to achieve pregnancy and therefore to have a baby at home.

How to diagnose it?

Depending on the case, among the tests to diagnose any failure that causes a spontaneous abortion are:

  • Know the patient's medical history
  • Performing imaging and laboratory exams
  • Performing a physical examination
  • Uterine evaluation
  • Genetic testing
  • Endocrinological tests
  • Immunological examination

How do I know which test is best for me? Well, all of these procedures depend on the consideration of the specialist in each particular case, since individually they have a different objective but the sum of several of them can give you a more accurate diagnosis and therefore help you with a treatment that meets your needs expectations.

If you have already gone through one or more episodes of pregnancy loss and you still do not know the causes, go to Ingenes for your Initial Program, where our specialists will give you a clear diagnosis and the best treatment options so that you can have your baby.

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