Uterine myomatosis is the appearance of fibroids or fibroids in a woman's uterus. These are the most common pelvic tumour, as approximately 20% of women of reproductive age suffer from them.
These are benign tumours that are classified according to their location, which can be: - Intramural - Submucosal - Subserosal
Causes
Although the specific cause of uterine fibroids is not known, their occurrence is thought to be related to a genetic predisposition. Their growth is also associated with the hormonal activity of the ovaries, in particular the production of oestrogen and progesterone.
Uterine fibroids appear during a woman's reproductive years, grow during pregnancy (when hormone levels are high) and disappear after menopause, when hormone levels are lowers.
Symptoms
Approximately 25% of uterine fibroids are asymptomatic. However, they can also manifest themselves through:
•Feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen •Heavy menstrual bleeding •Longer than normal menstrual periods •Pelvic cramps or painful menstrual periods •Bleeding not related to menstruation •Difficulty or pain when urinating •Infertility •Recurrent miscarriages
It is important to note that the symptoms of uterine myomatosis depend on the size, location and number of fibroids present.
Diagnosis
Uterine fibroids are often found accidentally during a routine pelvic exam. Irregularities in the shape of the uterus may be felt, suggesting the presence of fibroids.
A specialist may order an ultrasound to obtain an image of the uterus, in order to confirm the diagnosis and map and measure the fibroids.
When prolactin levels are controlled, symptoms disappear, ovulation improves and the search for pregnancy can begin with low or high complexity treatment according to the comprehensive assessment of each couple by a doctor specialising in reproduction.
